As the capital of Tibet with more than 1300 years of history, Lhasa Lhasa in Tibetan language meaning the Holy Land or Buddhist Land is the largest city and the center of politics, economy, culture and religion in Tibet. Located in the southeast part of Tibet Autonomous Region and on the north part of Lhasa River, an important branch of Yarlung Tsangpo River, Lhasa borders on Nyingchi in the east, Shannan region in the south, Shigatse in the west and Nagchu region in the north. Lhasa was liberated peacefully on May, 23, 1951. In 1960, Lhasa was approved as the regional city and written as one of first-batch 24 national-level famous cities for history and culture in 1982.
As early as the seventh century, King Songtsan Gampo unified the neighboring tribes and established Tubo Regime. Anciently called Ruosa, which meant the land of goat in Tibetan language, Lhasa was a wasteland when Princess Wencheng arrived to Lhasa. Subsequently, the Jokhang Monastery (Dazhao Temple in Chinese) and Ramoche Monastery (Xiaozhao Temple in Chinese) were built by virtue of the goats to transport the soil. The missionizing monks and Buddhists increased gradually. A great many hotels and residences built surrounding the temples. And the original layout of the downtown Lhasa appeared. In the meantime, the palaces were built on the red hill, which is today’s Potala Palace. Several landmarks make up of the downtown Lhasa: Potala Palace, Jokhang Monastery, Norbulingka Summer Palace, Drepung Monastery, Sera Monastery and Barkhor Street. The whole Lhasa is situated in the basin surrounded by high mountains. The main avenue is Beijing Road; many famous tourist attractions are located on both sides of this road. The local residents still keep the traditional lifestyle, and the costumes, cuisines and festivals are quite unique and distinctive. Nearly all the residents carry the praver beads and canister of scrolling sutra (Zhuan Jing Tong).
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